Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a global public health challenge, with high morbidity, frequent exacerbations, and significant healthcare utilization. Tele-pulmonology—defined as the integration of telemedicine practices into pulmonary care—has rapidly evolved as a transformative solution for continuous monitoring, early detection of exacerbations, and patient-centered management. This paper examines the emerging digital innovations that support COPD care, including teleconsultations, AI-enabled spirometry, wearable sensor systems, mobile health (mHealth) applications, remote rehabilitation platforms, and predictive algorithms for risk assessment. We analyze their clinical effectiveness, implementation barriers, and future scope, with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The review highlights that tele-pulmonology significantly improves adherence, reduces hospital readmissions, and enables timely clinical interventions when integrated within structured care pathways.
